When and Why Retirement Plans Need a Financial Statement Audit

When and Why Retirement Plans Need a Financial Statement Audit

Starting with the 2023 Form 5500 changes, a plan is generally treated as a ‘large plan’ and requires an annual financial statement audit if it has **100 or more participants with account balances at the beginning of the plan year**. Former employees with a $0 balance are not counted for this threshold. The **80–120 participant rule** still applies, but it uses the same ‘withaccountbalance’ methodology when determining whether a plan may continue filing in the same category as the prior year.

Who Needs an Audit?

Starting with the 2023 Form 5500 changes, a plan is generally treated as a ‘large plan’ and requires an annual financial statement audit if it has **100 or more participants with account balances at the beginning of the plan year**. Former employees with a $0 balance are not counted for this threshold. The **80–120 participant rule** still applies, but it uses the same ‘withaccountbalance’ methodology when determining whether a plan may continue filing in the same category as the prior year.

Audit Scope

Participant data and eligibility testing

Contributions, distributions, loans, and investments

Internal controls and timeliness of deposits

How to Prepare

Maintain reconciled payroll and trust reports, document controls, and address any prior auditor findings early.

Plan Sponsor Action Checklist

Checklist

Confirm your count of participants with account balances at the start of the year and apply the 80–120 rule if eligible.
Checklist

Assemble a PBC (preparedbyclient) list with payroll/trust tieouts.
Checklist

Schedule a preaudit meeting to resolve open items.
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References

  • DOL Form 5500 Instructions (80–120 participant rule).